Situation
of human rights in the Syrian Arab Republic
The
General Assembly,
PP1
Guided by the Charter of the United Nations, [A/RES/67/183
PP1]
PP2
Reaffirming
the purposes and principles of the Charter, the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights[1] and relevant
international human rights treaties, including the International
Covenants on Human Rights,[2]
[A/RES/67/183 PP2]
PP3
Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty,
independence, unity and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab
Republic and to the principles of the Charter, [A/RES/67/183 PP7]
PP4
Recalling
its resolutions 66/176 of 19 December 2011, 66/253 A of
16 February 2012 and 66/253 B of 3 August 2012, 67/183
of 20 December 2012 and 67/262 of 15 May 2013, Human Rights Council
resolutions S 16/1 of 29 April 2011,[3]
S 17/1 of 23 August 2011,
S 18/1 of
2 December 2011,[4] 19/1 of
1 March 2012,[5] 19/22 of
23 March 2012,
S 19/1 of
1 June 2012,[6] 20/22 of
6 July 2012[7], 21/26 of
28 September 2012[8], 22/24
of 22 March 2013, 23/XX of 14 May 2013 and 24/XX of 27 September
2013, and Security Council resolutions 2042 (2012) of 14 April
2012, 2043 (2012) of 21 April 2012, and 2118 (2013) of 27
September 2013, and presidential statement 2013/15 of 2 October 2013
[A/RES/67/183 PP3 as updated]
PP5 Expressing outrage at the continuing
escalation of violence in the Syrian Arab Republic, which has caused
over 100,000 casualties, mostly by conventional weapons; and in
particular at the continued widespread and systematic gross
violations, as well as abuses, of human rights and violations of
international humanitarian law, including those involving the
continued use of heavy weapons and aerial bombardments, such as the
indiscriminate use of ballistic missiles and cluster munitions, by
the Syrian authorities against the Syrian population,
PP6 Alarmed at the failure of the Government of the
Syrian Arab Republic to protect its population [based on A/RES/67/262
PP5] and to implement the relevant resolutions and decisions by
United Nations bodies,
PP7
Strongly condemning any human rights abuses and violations of
international humanitarian law by armed extremists; [based on
A/HRC/RES/24/XX OP3]
PP8
Also strongly condemning the large scale use of chemical
weapons on 21 August 2013 in Al-Ghouta, as concluded in the report of
the United Nations Mission to Investigate Allegations of the Use of
Chemical Weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic, condemning the killing
of civilians that resulted from it, affirming that the use of
chemical weapons constitutes a serious violation of international
law, and stressing that those responsible for any use of chemical
weapons must be held accountable, [based on S/RES/2118 PP8]
PP9
Recalling that the League of Arab States, in its resolution
7667 adopted by the 140th ordinary session of the Ministerial Council
on 1 September 2013, and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, in
the Final Communiqué of its Annual Coordination Meeting of the
Ministers of Foreign Affairs of 27 September 2013, have held the
Syrian government fully responsible for the chemical attacks against
the Syrian people, which took place in Al-Ghouta,
PP10
Further recalling the statements made by the United Nations
Secretary General and the High Commissioner for Human Rights that
crimes against humanity are likely to have been committed in the
Syrian Arab Republic, stressing that the Syrian authorities
have failed to prosecute such serious violations, and noting
the repeated encouragement by the High Commissioner for Human Rights
to the Security Council to refer the situation to the International
Criminal Court, [A/RES/67/262 PP7]
PP11
Strongly condemning the
continued border violations from Syria into neighbouring countries,
which led to casualties and injuries of the civilians of those
countries as well as of Syrian refugees, and underlining that such
incidents violated international law and highlighted the grave impact
of the crisis in the Syrian Arab Republic on the security of its
neighbours and on regional peace and stability, [based on
A/RES/67/183 PP8]
PP12
Deploring the further deterioration of the humanitarian
situation and the failure of the Syrian Government to ensure
immediate, safe and unimpeded provision of humanitarian assistance to
all areas affected by the fighting, [based on A/RES/67/183 PP11]
PP13 Expressing deep concern at the more than 2.2
million refugees, including more than one million children, and the
millions of internally displaced persons fleeing as a result of the
extreme violence in Syria, and at the escalating violence causing an
influx of Syrian refugees into neighbouring countries and countries
of the region, [based on A/RES/67/183 PP11],
PP14 welcoming the hosting by the government of Kuwait
on 30 January 2013 of the pledging conference for the United Nations
joint appeal, and also welcoming with appreciation the hosting of the
government of Kuwait of a second international humanitarian pledging
conference for Syria in January 2014 [based on A/RES/67/262 OP20]
PP15 Expressing its deep appreciation for
the significant efforts that have been made by neighbouring countries
and other countries in the region to accommodate the Syrian refugees,
while acknowledging the increasing political, socioeconomic and
financial impact of the presence of large-scale refugee populations
in these countries, notably Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq and Egypt,
[based on A/RES/67/262 PP8]
PP16
Welcoming
the efforts of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the
Joint Special Representative of the United Nations and the League of
Arab States for Syria towards achieving a solution to the Syrian
crisis, [based on A/HRC/RES/24/XX PP6]
1.
Strongly condemns the use of
chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic, which is prohibited
under international law, amounts to a serious crime and has a
devastating impact on civilians, and in particular the massacre in
the Al-Ghouta region and notes in this regard the 16 September 2013
report (S/2013/553) prepared by the United Nations Mission to
Investigate Allegations of the Use of Chemical Weapons in the Syrian
Arab Republic, which provides clear evidence that surface to
surface rockets were fired on 21 August from government held
territory into opposition areas, using professionally made munitions
containing sarin, which strongly points to use by the Government of
Syria’;
2.
Also strongly condemns the continued
widespread and systematic gross violations of human rights and
fundamental freedoms and all violations of international humanitarian
law by the Syrian authorities and the Government-affiliated shabbiha
militias, such as those involving the use of heavy weapons, aerial
bombardments, cluster munitions, ballistic missiles and other force
against civilians, attacks on schools, hospitals and places of
worship, massacres, arbitrary executions, extrajudicial killings, the
killing and persecution of protestors, human rights defenders and
journalists, arbitrary detention, enforced disappearances, violations
of women’s rights, unlawful interference with access to medical
treatment, failure to respect and protect medical personnel, torture,
systematic sexual and gender-based violence, including rape in
detention, and ill-treatment, and strongly condemns all human rights
abuses or violations of international humanitarian law by armed
extremists, as well as any human rights abuses or violations of
international humanitarian law by other groups or individuals; [based
on A/RES/67/262 OP2]
3.
Condemns all
grave violations and abuses committed against children in
contravention of applicable international law, such as recruitment
and use, killing and maiming, rape and all other forms of sexual
violence, attacks on schools and hospitals as well as arbitrary
arrest, detention, torture, ill treatment and use as human shields
[Para 7 S/PRST/2013/15]
4.
Also condemns all
violence, irrespective of where it comes from, and calls upon all
parties to immediately put an end to all forms of violence, including
terrorist acts and acts of violence or intimidation that may foment
sectarian tensions, and to comply strictly with their obligations
under international law, including international humanitarian law;
[A/RES/67/262 OP3]
5.
Demands that
all parties immediately put an end to all violations and abuses of
international human rights law and international humanitarian law,
and recalls in particular the obligation under international
humanitarian law to distinguish between civilian populations and
combatants, the prohibition against indiscriminate and
disproportionate attacks, and all attacks against civilians and
civilian objects [Para 9, S/PRST/2013/15] Also demands that all
parties to the conflict take all appropriate steps to protect
civilians, including by desisting from attacks directed against
civilian objects, such as medical centres, schools and water
stations, immediately demilitarize such facilities, avoid
establishing military positions in populated areas, enable the
evacuation of the wounded and all civilians who wish to do so from
besieged areas, and recalls in this regard that the Syrian
authorities bear the primary responsibility to protect their
populations,
6.
Strongly condemns the
intervention of all foreign combatants in the Syrian Arab Republic,
including those fighting on behalf of the regime and in particular
Hizbullah, and expresses deep concern that their involvement further
exacerbates the deteriorating human rights and humanitarian
situation, which has a serious negative impact on the region;
[A/HRC/RES/23/XX OP9]
7.
Demands that
the Syrian authorities immediately release all persons arbitrarily
detained, including the members of the Syrian Center for Media and
Freedom of Expression, publish a list of all detention facilities,
ensure that conditions of detention comply with applicable
international law, and immediately allow access of independent
monitors to all detention facilities; [A/RES/67/262 OP5]
8.
Demands that
the Syrian authorities fully cooperate with the commission of inquiry
and provide the commission and individuals working on its
behalf immediate, full and unfettered entry and access to all areas
of the Syrian Arab Republic, and demands also that all parties
cooperate fully with the commission of inquiry in the performance of
its mandate; [based on A/RES/67/183 OP7]
9.
Stresses the
importance of ensuring accountability and the need to end impunity
and hold to account those responsible for violations of international
humanitarian law and violations and abuses of human rights, including
those that may amount to war crimes and crimes against humanity,
notably in the Al-Ghouta region on 21 August 2013, and encourages
the Security Council to consider
appropriate measures to ensure accountability in Syria and stresses
the important role that international criminal justice could play in
this regard; [based on A/RES/67/262 OP8]
10.
Underlines the
importance that the Sryian people, on the basis of broad, inclusive
and credible consultations, should determine, within the framework
provided by international law and based upon the complementarity
principle, the demosetic process and mechanisms to achieve
reconciliation, truth and accountability for gross violations, as
well as reparations and effective remedies for the victims;
[A/RES/67/626 OP10]
11.
Calls upon the
Security Council to uphold its responsibility, including by taking
the necessary measures against all those responsible for the chemical
weapons attack on 21 August 2013, and to take measures to put an end
to all serious violations of international humanitarian law and all
serious violations and abuses of international human rights law
committed in the Syrian Arab Republic;
12.
Strongly condemns all
attacks by the Syrian authorities or any other party against medical
facilities, personnel and vehicles as well as the use of medical and
civilian facilities, including hospitals, for armed purposes, and
recalls that under international humanitarian law, the wounded and
sick must receive, to the fullest extent practicable, and with the
least possible delay, medical care and attention required by their
condition, and urges that free passage be provided to all areas in
Syria for medical personnel and supplies, including surgical items
and medicine, [based on S/PRST/2013/15 Para10]
13.
Stresses that
the magnitude of the humanitarian tragedy caused by the conflict in
Syria requires immediate action to facilitate safe and unimpeded
delivery of humanitarian assistance in the whole country, in
particular in areas and districts where humanitarian needs are
especially urgent, and condemns all cases of arbitrary denial of
humanitarian access, and recalls that depriving civilians of objects
indispensable to their survival, including wilfully impeding relief
supply and access, can constitute a violation of international
humanitarian law; [based on S/PRST/2013/15 Para11]
14.
Demands that
the Syrian authorities take immediate steps to facilitate the
expansion of humanitarian relief operations, and lift bureaucratic
impediments and other obstacles, including through immediately
facilitating safe and unimpeded access to people in need, through the
most effective ways, including across conflict lines and across
borders, and urges all parties to take all appropriate steps to
facilitate the efforts of the United Nations, its specialized
agencies and all humanitarian actors engaged in humanitarian relief
activities, to provide immediate humanitarian assistance to the
affected people in Syria, and to nominate empowered interlocutors who
can work with humanitarian agencies to resolve access difficulties,
in order to implement fully the humanitarian response plan,
15.
Expresses grave concern at
the increasing numbers of refugees and internally displaced persons
as a result of the ongoing violence, reiterates its appreciation of
the significant efforts that have been made by neighbouring countries
and the countries of the region to assist those who have fled across
the borders of the Syrian Arab Republic as a consequence of the
violence, and urges all relevant United Nations agencies, in
particular the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees, and other donors to provide urgent and coordinated support
to Syrian refugees and their host countries, and calls upon Member
States, based on burden-sharing principles, to host the Syrian
refugees in coordination with the Office of the United Nations High
Commissioner for Refugees; [A/RES/67/183 OP14]
16.
Demands that
the Syrian government implement the relevant resolutions and
decisions of United Nations bodies;
17.
Stresses its support for the
aspirations of the Syrian people for a peaceful, democratic and
pluralistic society, in which there is no room for sectarianism or
discrimination on ethnic, religious, linguistic or any other grounds,
based on the promotion of universal respect for and observance of
human rights and fundamental freedoms; [A/RES/67/183 OP4]
18.
Reaffirms its
support for the Geneva communiqué of 30 June 2012, and demands in
this regard that all Syrian parties to implement rapidly the
transition plan set forth in the final communiqué in a way that
assures the safety of all in an atmosphere of stability and calm,
provides for clear and irreversible steps in the transition according
to a fixed time frame and establishes a consensus transitional
governing body with full executives powers to which all functions of
the presidency and Government are transferred, including those
pertaining to military, security, and intelligence issues, as well as
a review of the constitution on the basis of an inclusive national
dialogue and free and fair multiparty elections held in the framework
of this new constitutional order, and calls for the convening as soon
as possible of the international conference on Syria to implement the
Geneva communiqué.
--------------------------
[1] Resolution
217 A (III). [2] Resolution
2200 A (XXI), annex. [3] See Official
Records of the General Assembly, Sixty sixth Session, Supplement
No. 53 (A/66/53),
chap. I. [4] Ibid.,Supplement
No. 53B and
corrigendum (A/66/53/Add.2 and Corr.1),
chap. II. [5] Ibid.,Sixty seventh
Session, Supplement No. 53 and
corrigendum (A/67/53 and Corr.1), chap. III, sect. A. [6] Ibid.,
chap. V. [7] Ibid.,
chap. IV, sect. A. [8] Ibid., Supplement
No. 53A (A/67/53/Add.1),
chap. III.
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